Myambutol (Ethambutol)

Myambutol

Dosage Form

Capsules, tablets, coated tablets.

How Does the Drug Work?

TB drugs: They get into actively growing mycobacterial cells, inhibiting the synthesis of RNA, affecting cell metabolism, and causing cessation of reproduction and death of bacteria. They are active just against actively dividing cells. They suppress the growth and multiplication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is resistant to ethionamide, Pasco, kanamycin, isoniazid, and streptomycin. When monotherapy, the resistance of mycobacteria develops quite fast.

Indications

Tuberculosis (all forms).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, children up to 13 years, cataract, optic neuritis, inflammatory eye diseases, gout, renal failure, lactation.

Side Effects

From the nervous system and sensory organs side:

hallucinations, depression, headache, weakness, disorientation, peripheral neuritis (paresthesias in the extremities, numbness, paresis, and itching), dizziness, altered mental status, optic neuritis (decrease in visual acuity, breach of color perception, mostly green and red colors, color blindness, scotoma).

From the digestive system:

loss of appetite, nausea, stomachodynia, vomiting, abnormal liver function – increase in the activity of “liver” of transaminases.

Allergic reaction:

itching, arthralgia, skin rash, fever, dermatitis, anaphylaxis.

Other:

hyperuricaemia, exacerbation podagry.

How to Use the Medicine? Dosage

Orally.

When administering the initial medication, the dosage is 15 mg/kg 1 time a day. In the conduct of re-treatment – 25 mg/kg 1 time a day for 2 months, then move on to 15 mg/kg 1 time a day.

Children – 20-25 mg/kg once, after breakfast.

The maximum daily dose is 2 g. In renal failure, the dose is adjusted depending on QA: QA with more than 100 ml/min, daily dose—20 mg/ kg, 70-100 ml/min – 15 mg/kg, less than 70 ml/min – 10 mg/kg, in people who are on hemodialysis—5 mg/kg, on day of dialysis—7 mg/kg.

Cautions

At the beginning of treatment, there may be an increased cough and an increase in sputum. Assigned just in combination with other anti-LS. When conducting long-term therapy, one must regularly monitor the function of the organ of vision, a picture of the peripheral blood, and the functional state of the liver and kidneys. During the treatment period, you must pay attention while driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities requiring high attention concentration and quickness of psychomotor reactions.

Interaction

Increases the effects of anti-LS, neurotoxicity of imipenem, ciprofloxacin, carbamazepine, methotrexate, quinine, asparaginase, aminoglycosides, salts of Li +.

Where to Keep the Drug?

To keep in a dark place.

In treating tuberculosis, Myambutol is an essential tool since it successfully inhibits bacterial growth while having tolerable side effects. Nonetheless, it is crucial to keep a watchful eye out for any potential risks. Following thorough treatment programs is critical to achieving the best possible results in the ongoing fight against tuberculosis.

Warning: Before starting to take the drug, you need to consult your doctor.