Mode of action – anti-inflammatory, analgetic, antipyretic. The mechanism of action connected with the blockade of cyclooxygenase, which leads to disruption of metabolism of arachidonic acid and reducing concentrations of GHGs. Suppresses exudative and proliferative processes in the inflammation, reduces the concentration of bradykinin and histamine, but also increases the threshold of sensitivity of pain receptors.
Analgesics
Analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to reduce pain and eliminate inflammation. The path to the discovery of anesthetics was difficult and long. In the past, only folk remedies had been used for these purposes, and during the surgery the role of anesthetics was played by alcohol, opium, scopolamine, Indian hemp, and even such inhumane methods as stunning blow to the head or partial asphyxiation. In folk medicine to relieve pain and fever willow bark had long been used. Later it had been discovered that the active ingredient in willow bark was salicin, which is converted by hydrolysis into salicylic acid. Acetylsalicylic acid was synthesized as early as 1853, but it had not been used in medicine until 1899, until people found out about its effectiveness for arthritis and good endurance. Only after that the first drug of acetylsalicylic acid was introduced, which is now known worldwide as Aspirin. Since then, the number of synthesized compounds of different chemical nature, which suppress pain not causing the loss of consciousness, were discovered. These means are called analgesics (from the Greek algos – pain). Those that do not cause addiction, and in therapeutic doses do not inhibit the activity of the brain, are called non-narcotic analgesics. Since most of them additionaly have anti-inflammatory properties, they are called “Non-narcotic analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.”
These substances are able to suppress the symptoms and signs of inflammation, including pain, because the reduction of the intensity of the inflammatory process leads to a decrease of pain. Furthermore, they reduce high body temperature, which means they have antipyretic effect, which is being exerted due to the thickening of skin vessels’ surface and strengthening of the heat emission.
The group of non-narcotic analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the drugs with different chemical structures and with different ratios of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of NSAIDs is associated with inhibition of the enzyme specific – COX, contributing to the synthesis of prostaglandins – the major mediators of inflammation and pain. At the same time, they affect the synthesis and the transformation of other substances within the body (e.g. bradykinin) involved in the occurrence and distribution of inflammation and pain.
Ponstel
Ponstel belongs to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. It is recommended to take in moderate pain as well as menstrual pain.
Indocin
This drug belongs to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAID). It is recommended to treat such symptoms as inflammation, pain and fever. This medication possesses the same effect as naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve) and ibuprofen (Motrin).
Cymbalta
Cymbalta is a famous remedy which has been labeled as noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), antidepressant. It diminishes symptoms of fibromyalgia, depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and nerve pain (peripheral neuropathy) in diabetics.
Naprosyn
Naprosyn is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is used to relieve the stiffness, inflammation, swelling and joint pain which are associated with ankylosing spondylitis (spinal arthritis), juvenile arthritis, bursitis, acute gout, tendinitis, osteoarthritis (the most common form of arthritis), rheumatoid arthritis.
Feldene
Has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effect. Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins.
Arcoxia
Arcoxia belongs to the type of drugs called NSAIDs. Selective COX-2 inhibitor, it is used to block the formation of prostaglandins. This remedy provides antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effect.
Tegretol
Tegretol is considered to be a famous remedy which belongs to anticonvulsants. It is prescribed in the following conditions: seizures, nerve pain, diabetic neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia (severe pain in the lips, eye, chin, cheek, gums, “restless legs”, alcohol withdrawal, cocaine addiction, bipolar disorder, migraine headache, emotional disorders (depression and abnormally aggressive behavior), epilepsy. Tegretol increases sensitivity to sunlight.
Pyridium
Pyridium is prescribed to relief pain. It is taken to stop the burning, pain or discomfort which is caused by irritation or infection of the urinary tract. This remedy is not an antibiotic.
Nimotop
Nimotop decreases problems associated with bleeding in the brain (subarachnoid hemorrhage-SAH). Nimotop belongs to a group of remedies known calcium channel blockers. Our organism reacts to bleeding by narrowing the blood vessel.
Motrin
Motrin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory remedy which is sold in both nonprescription and prescription forms. This pill can be prescribed for adults to cure the osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis It is prescribed to treat menstrual pain. It provides relief in case of mild and moderate pain.